Mark Geistfeld | July 24, 2026 | Civil Liability for Artificial Intelligence
The rule of strict products liability in section 402A of the Restatement (Second) of Torts is widely assumed to have been formulated to address manufacturing defects. Relying on this assumption, the Restatement (Third) of Torts defines manufacturing defects as...
Ketan Ramakrishnan | June 22, 2026 | Civil Liability for Artificial Intelligence
The frontier of contemporary AI development is dominated by AI systems built on foundation models – highly versatile algorithms, trained in the first instance on broad swathes of data, that can function as tools and agents across a wide range of commercial,...
Mark Geistfeld | June 2, 2026 | Civil Liability for Artificial Intelligence
The opacity of AI decision-making has led many tort scholars to conclude that ordinarily it will be infeasible to prove negligence or defect-based forms of products liability for AI-caused harms. According to mainstream tort theory, this evidentiary hurdle justifies...
Mark Geistfeld | August 26, 2025 | Civil Liability for Artificial Intelligence
Although the title to this book has changed, this edition continues the developmental path staked out in the prior two editions of this casebook. When I began working on the liability issues involving the crashes of autonomous vehicles about a decade ago, I felt as if...
Cullen O'Keefe, Ketan Ramakrishnan, Janna Tay and Christoph Winter | May 2, 2025 | Civil Liability for Artificial Intelligence
Artificial intelligence (AI) companies are working to develop a new type of actor: “AI agents,” which we define as AI systems that can perform computer-based tasks as competently as human experts. Expert-level AI agents will likely create enormous economic value but...
